DGCA Air Navigation: Loran C Questions
11 exam-style Loran C questions for the DGCA Air Navigation paper (CPL · ATPL · PPL). The first 11 are free below with answers and explanations — sign up free to practise all of them with progress tracking.
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Q1
The principle of operation of Loran C is:
- A timing the interval transmitted and received pulses.
- B differential range by frequency comparison.
- C differential range by pulse transmissions.
- D differential range by phase comparison.
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Correct answer: C. differential range by pulse transmissions.
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Q2
The frequency and waveband of LORAN C are:
- A 100 kHz, hectometric
- B 100 MHz, kilometric
- C 100 MHz, hectometric
- D 100 kHz, kilometric
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Correct answer: D. 100 kHz, kilometric
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Q3
The coverage of LORAN C is:
- A Specified areas only
- B Northern hemisphere only
- C Oceanic areas
- D Northern hemisphere oceanic areas
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Correct answer: A. Specified areas only
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Q4
The principle of operation of Loran C is:
- A timing the interval between transmitted and received pulses.
- B differential range by frequency comparison.
- C differential range by pulse transmissions.
- D differential range by phase comparison.
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Correct answer: C. differential range by pulse transmissions.
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Q5
The frequency and waveband of LORAN C are:
- A 100 kHz, hectometric
- B 100 MHz, kilometric
- C 100 MHz, hectometric
- D 100 kHz, kilometric
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Correct answer: D. 100 kHz, kilometric
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Q6
The coverage of LORAN C is:
- A Specified areas only
- B Northern hemisphere only
- C Oceanic areas
- D Northern hemisphere oceanic areas
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Correct answer: A. Specified areas only
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Q7
Which of the following statements concerning LORAN-C is correct?
- A It is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on the principle of differential range by pulse technique
- B It is a navigation system based on secondary radar principles, position lines are obtained in sequence from up to eight ground stations
- C It is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on the principle of range measurement by phase comparison
- D It is a navigation system based on simultaneous ranges being received from a minimum of four ground stations
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Correct answer: A. It is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on the principle of differential range by pulse technique
Loran C is a hyperbolic navigation system that works on differential range, comparing the arrival times of pulses from a master and its secondary stations to define position lines. It is not a secondary-radar or simultaneous-range system.
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Q8
In which navigation system does the master station transmit a continuous string of pulses on a frequency close to 100 kHz?
- A Loran C
- B GPS
- C Decca
- D Doppler
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Correct answer: A. Loran C
Loran C uses a master station transmitting a continuous string of pulses on a frequency close to 100 kHz, with secondaries synchronised to it. Decca used continuous waves and GPS operates at microwave frequencies.
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Q9
Which of the following correctly gives the principle of operation of the Loran C navigation system?
- A Differential range by pulse technique
- B Frequency shift between synchronised transmissions
- C Differential range by phase comparison
- D Phase comparison between synchronised transmissions
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Correct answer: A. Differential range by pulse technique
Loran C determines position by differential range using the pulse technique, measuring the time difference between pulses from master and secondary stations to give hyperbolic position lines. It is not a pure phase-comparison or frequency-shift system.
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Q10
Which of the following frequency-bands is used by the Loran C navigation system?
- A 90 - 110 kHz
- B 1750 - 1950 kHz
- C 10.2 - 13.6 kHz
- D 978 - 1213 MHz
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Correct answer: A. 90 - 110 kHz
Loran C operates in the low-frequency band of about 90 to 110 kHz, centred on 100 kHz. These long waves give the ground-wave coverage that the system depends on.
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Q11
Loran C coverage is:
- A confined to certain limited areas of the world
- B global
- C unrestricted between latitudes 70°N and 70°S
- D unrestricted over the oceans and adjacent coastlines but limited over the major continental land masses
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Correct answer: A. confined to certain limited areas of the world
Loran C coverage is confined to certain limited areas of the world served by chains of ground stations, so it is not a global system. Coverage exists only where a master and its secondaries provide overlapping signals.
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